Growing black calla lilies (Zantedeschia spp.) offers a stunning addition to any garden with their unique, deep-hued blooms. These flowers are actually a very dark purple or maroon rather than true black, which makes them stand out beautifully against green foliage. Here’s a comprehensive guide on how to grow black calla lilies successfully:
Choosing a Planting Site
Light Requirements: Black calla lilies thrive in partial shade but can also tolerate full sun if they are kept well-watered.
Soil Requirements: They prefer rich, well-draining soil. Amend heavy clay or sandy soils with compost or peat moss to improve fertility and drainage.
Planting
When to Plant: Plant calla lily rhizomes in the spring after the danger of frost has passed. In regions with mild winters, they can be planted in the fall.
How to Plant: Plant the rhizomes about 4 inches deep with the eyes (growing points) facing up. Space rhizomes about 12 inches apart.
Watering and Feeding
Watering: Keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. Black calla lilies require a lot of water during the growing season, especially in warmer weather.
Fertilizing: Feed your lilies a balanced liquid fertilizer every month during the growing season. Avoid high-nitrogen fertilizers as they can promote foliage growth at the expense of blooms.
Care and Maintenance
Mulching: Apply a layer of organic mulch around the plants to help retain moisture, suppress weeds, and keep the roots cool.
Deadheading: Remove spent blooms to encourage more flowers. Unlike many plants, calla lilies do not need to be deadheaded to continue blooming, but doing so keeps plants looking tidy.
Winter Care: In colder climates (zones 3-7), dig up the rhizomes in the fall after the foliage has died back. Store them in a cool, dry place over winter and replant in the spring. In warmer climates, mulch heavily to protect the rhizomes from cold.
Pest and Disease Management
Pests: Watch for aphids, spider mites, and slugs that can damage the plants. Use appropriate organic pesticides or natural remedies like neem oil.
Diseases: Calla lilies can be susceptible to rot and fungal diseases, especially in wet conditions. Ensure good air circulation and avoid overhead watering to minimize these issues.
Propagation
Dividing Rhizomes: Every few years, divide the rhizomes in early spring to maintain vigor and increase your plant stock. Each section should have at least one growing point.
Special Tips
Potting: Black calla lilies also do well in pots, making them a great choice for balconies and patios. Ensure the pot has good drainage and move the pots to sheltered locations during extreme weather.
Acidity: These plants prefer slightly acidic soils. If your soil is too alkaline, consider adding garden sulfur to lower the pH.
Sunlight for Color Intensity: If you want the darkest coloration in your blooms, providing some direct sunlight can help intensify the pigmentation.
By following these guidelines, your black calla lilies should thrive and brighten up your garden with their dramatic, elegant flowers.
